Certified Hospice and Palliative Assistant (CHPNA) Practice Test

Metoclopramide is classified as what type of agent?

1. Antiemetic agent

2. Prokinetic agent

3. Analgesic agent

4. Psychoactive agent

The correct answer is: Prokinetic agent

Metoclopramide is primarily classified as a prokinetic agent. This classification means that it enhances gastrointestinal motility by increasing the contractions of the stomach and intestines, which can facilitate the movement of food through the digestive tract. This is particularly useful in conditions such as gastroparesis, where the stomach does not empty properly. Additionally, metoclopramide has antiemetic properties, which is why it is also commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting. This dual function can sometimes lead to confusion regarding its primary classification. However, its mechanism of action, which includes stimulating gastric emptying, more strongly supports its identification as a prokinetic agent. While metoclopramide might have some psychoactive effects at high doses (such as sedation), and it is not classified as an analgesic because it does not relieve pain, its main pharmacological activity focuses on enhancing gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, understanding both the prokinetic effects and antiemetic uses of metoclopramide helps clarify its role in treating various conditions.